J Cancer 2019; 10(18):4178-4188. doi:10.7150/jca.34430 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Androgen Receptor Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis via Upregulating Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Expression

Ren Wang1*, Xiao-yi Xu1*, Hong Zhu2*, Xiong Liang2, Xue Li2, Ming-xu Jia2, Qing-hua Wang2, Hui-yun Wang1✉, Xiao-xing Li1✉, Gui-jun Zhao2✉

1. State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
2. Endoscopy Center, Inner Mongolia key laboratory of endoscopic digestive diseases, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
* These authors have equally contributed to this work.

Citation:
Wang R, Xu Xy, Zhu H, Liang X, Li X, Jia Mx, Wang Qh, Wang Hy, Li Xx, Zhao Gj. Androgen Receptor Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis via Upregulating Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Expression. J Cancer 2019; 10(18):4178-4188. doi:10.7150/jca.34430. https://www.jcancer.org/v10p4178.htm
Other styles

File import instruction

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading global health problem as it is the fifth most common cancer type and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In most areas of the world, the incidence rate of GC is 1.5- to 3-fold higher in males than in females. The androgen receptor (AR) is an independent adverse prognostic factor in patients with GC. However, the mechanism by which AR regulates the progression of GC remains unclear. In this study, we found that AR expression was upregulated in 6/8 GC cell lines, and this expression was higher than that in immortalized gastric cells. AR expression was also higher in GC tissues than in adjacent tissues. Moreover, the ectopic expression of AR promoted the colony formation ability, migration and invasion of GC cells. In contrast, AR knockdown had the opposite effects on GC cell lines. Remarkably, we found that AR regulated cell cycle-related kinase (CCRK) expression through transcriptional mechanisms. The AR-CCRK axis promoted GC development through the phosphorylation of GSK3β and β-catenin. Furthermore, TCGA data revealed that high expression of AR or CCRK was related to poor prognosis in GC patients. The prognosis was significantly worse in patients with concurrent high AR and CCRK expression than in patients with low AR and CCRK expression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that AR and CCRK acted as oncogenes in GC progression. However, their clinical roles require further exploration.

Keywords: AR, CCRK, gastric cancer, prognosis


Citation styles

APA
Wang, R., Xu, X.y., Zhu, H., Liang, X., Li, X., Jia, M.x., Wang, Q.h., Wang, H.y., Li, X.x., Zhao, G.j. (2019). Androgen Receptor Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis via Upregulating Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Expression. Journal of Cancer, 10(18), 4178-4188. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.34430.

ACS
Wang, R.; Xu, X.y.; Zhu, H.; Liang, X.; Li, X.; Jia, M.x.; Wang, Q.h.; Wang, H.y.; Li, X.x.; Zhao, G.j. Androgen Receptor Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis via Upregulating Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Expression. J. Cancer 2019, 10 (18), 4178-4188. DOI: 10.7150/jca.34430.

NLM
Wang R, Xu Xy, Zhu H, Liang X, Li X, Jia Mx, Wang Qh, Wang Hy, Li Xx, Zhao Gj. Androgen Receptor Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis via Upregulating Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Expression. J Cancer 2019; 10(18):4178-4188. doi:10.7150/jca.34430. https://www.jcancer.org/v10p4178.htm

CSE
Wang R, Xu Xy, Zhu H, Liang X, Li X, Jia Mx, Wang Qh, Wang Hy, Li Xx, Zhao Gj. 2019. Androgen Receptor Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis via Upregulating Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Expression. J Cancer. 10(18):4178-4188.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
Popup Image