ISSN: 1837-9664Journal of Cancer
Global reach, higher impact
J Cancer 2023; 14(13):2410-2416. doi:10.7150/jca.79969 This issue Cite
Research Paper
Impact of vaccination against COVID-19 on patients with cancer in ACHOC-C19 study: Real world evidence from one Latin American country
1. ICCAL Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Asociación Colombiana de Hematología y Oncología - ACHO.
2. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
3. Hospital Universitario Mayor - Mederí. Universidad del Rosario.
4. Asociación Colombiana de Hematología y Oncología - ACHO. Instituto Nacional Cancerología.
5. Fundación Cardio infantil, Universidad del Rosario, Grupo ICAROS.
6. Clínica Universitaria Colombia Sanitas.
7. Clínica Universitaria Colombia Sanitas - Clínica Marly.
8. IMAT Oncomédica.
9. Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe.
10. Centro Médico Clínica de Occidente.
11. Hospital Militar Central, Fundación Cardioinfantil. Hemato Oncólogos Asociados.
12. Hospital Militar Central, Hemato Oncólogos Asociados.
13. Hemato Oncólogos Asociados, Instituto de Oncología.
14. CECANCOL.
15. Hospital de San José.
16. Sociedad de Oncología y Hematología del Cesar.
17. Hospital Universitario San Ignacio.
18. Hospital Universitario del Valle.
19. Hospital Universitario de Santander - Universidad Industrial de Santander.
20. Clínica de la Costa.
21. Instituto Nacional Cancerología. Universidad El Bosque.
22. Instituto Nacional Cancerología.
Abstract
Introduction: During the pandemic, it has been recommended that vaccination against COVID-19 be a priority for patients with cancer; however, these patients were not included in the initial studies evaluating the available vaccines.
Objective: To define the impact of vaccination against COVID-19 in preventing the risk of complications associated with the infection in a cohort of patients with cancer in Colombia.
Methods: An analytical observational cohort study, based on national registry of patients with cancer and COVID 19 infection ACHOC-C19, was done. The data was collected from June 2021, until October 2021. Inclusion criteria were: Patients older than 18 years with cancer diagnosis and confirmed COVID-19 infection. Data from the unvaccinated and vaccinated cohorts were compared. Outcomes evaluated included all-cause mortality within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, and need for mechanical ventilation. The estimation of the effect was made through the relative risk (RR), the absolute risk reduction (ARR) and the number needed to treat (NNT). Multivariate analysis was performed using generalized linear models.
Results: 896 patients were included, of whom 470 were older than 60 years (52.4%) and 59% were women (n=530). 172 patients were recruited in the vaccinated cohort and 724 in the non-vaccinated cohort (ratio: 1 to 4.2). The cumulative incidence of clinical outcomes among the unvaccinated vs vaccinated patients were: for hospitalization 42% (95% CI: 38.7%-46.1%) vs 29%; (95% CI: 22.4%-36.5%); for invasive mechanical ventilation requirement 8.4% (n=61) vs 4.6% (n=8) and for mortality from all causes 17% (n=123) vs 4.65% (n=8).
Conclusion: In our population, unvaccinated patients with cancer have an increased risk of complications for COVID -19 infection, as hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and mortality. It is highly recommended to actively promote the vaccination among this population.
Keywords: COVID-19, vaccines, cancer, vaccine effectiveness, cohort studies, mortality, mechanical ventilation, hospitalization
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