J Cancer 2016; 7(8):957-964. doi:10.7150/jca.14797 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Sookyung Lee1✉, Anna Song2, Wankyu Eo3

1. Department of Clinical Oncology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University;
2. Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University;
3. Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University.

Citation:
Lee S, Song A, Eo W. Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7(8):957-964. doi:10.7150/jca.14797. https://www.jcancer.org/v07p0957.htm
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Abstract

Background: This study investigated the prognostic impact of serum ferritin for survival in patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study reviewed clinicopathological characteristics and laboratory biomarkers in 120 mCRC patients being treated with Korean Medicine (KM). The overall survival (OS) of patients was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical significance was assessed using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses of Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the prognostic impact for survival in relapsed or refractory mCRC patients.

Results: Of the patients, 62.5% had liver metastases, 74.1% underwent greater than second-line chemotherapy, and 80.8% underwent surgery. Median OS was 7.6 months for all patients after the initiation of KM treatment, which was begun 13.7 months, on average, after mCRC diagnosis. Concerning prognostic factors such as the presence of liver metastasis (p = 0.024), high carcinoembryonic antigen level (CEA > 5 ng/mL, p = 0.044), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP ≥ 10.0 mg/L, p = 0.000), high absolute monocyte count (AMC > 413.3 cells/μL, p = 0.034), elevated serum ferritin (ferritin ≥ 150 ng/mL, p = 0.002), low hemoglobin level (Hb < 12 g/dL, p = 0.026) and low albumin (albumin < 3.5 g/dL, p = 0.003) were associated with increased hazard ratios and poor survival. According to the multivariate proportional hazards model with backward and forward manners, albumin (albumin < 3.5 g/dL; hazard ratio (HR) 2.218, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.135 - 3.990, p = 0.019), CRP (CRP ≥ 10.0 mg/L; HR 2.506, 95% CI 1.644 - 3.822, p = 0.000), CEA (CEA > 5 ng/mL; HR 2.040, 95% CI 1.203 - 3.460, p = 0.008), and serum ferritin (ferritin ≥ 150 ng/mL; HR 1.763, 95% CI 1.169 - 2.660, p = 0.007) were independent prognostic biomarkers of survival in mCRC patients.

Conclusions: These results indicate that serum ferritin acts as an independent prognostic biomarker for survival in relapsed or refractory mCRC patients.

Keywords: colorectal neoplasm, prognosis, survival, and ferritin.


Citation styles

APA
Lee, S., Song, A., Eo, W. (2016). Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Journal of Cancer, 7(8), 957-964. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.14797.

ACS
Lee, S.; Song, A.; Eo, W. Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J. Cancer 2016, 7 (8), 957-964. DOI: 10.7150/jca.14797.

NLM
Lee S, Song A, Eo W. Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7(8):957-964. doi:10.7150/jca.14797. https://www.jcancer.org/v07p0957.htm

CSE
Lee S, Song A, Eo W. 2016. Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer. 7(8):957-964.

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