J Cancer 2018; 9(19):3507-3514. doi:10.7150/jca.26187 This issue Cite

Research Paper

A Refined Staging Model for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Incorporating Examined Lymph Nodes, Location of Tumor and Positive Lymph Nodes Ratio

Yunda Song1,2*, Zhenxin Chen1,2*, Luohai Chen3*, Chaobin He1,2, Xin Huang1,2, Fangting Duan1, Jun Wang1,4, Xiangming Lao1,2, Shengping Li1,2✉

1. State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China.
2. Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
3. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
4. Department of Ultrasonics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
*These authors contributed equally to this work

Citation:
Song Y, Chen Z, Chen L, He C, Huang X, Duan F, Wang J, Lao X, Li S. A Refined Staging Model for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Incorporating Examined Lymph Nodes, Location of Tumor and Positive Lymph Nodes Ratio. J Cancer 2018; 9(19):3507-3514. doi:10.7150/jca.26187. https://www.jcancer.org/v09p3507.htm
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Abstract

Background: Nodal status and tumor site are prognostic factors for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Parameters for nodal status are diverse, and the number of examined lymph nodes (eNs) needed for good prognosis are uncertain. We try to modify staging system of resectable PDAC with parameters mentioned above by recursive partitioning analysis.

Methods: Patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were divided into training cohort and internal validation cohort, randomly. PDAC patients from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were regarded as external validation cohort. The training cohort was used to refine staging model by recursive partitioning analysis, while the internal validation cohort and the external validation cohort were applied to assess discriminatory capacity of staging model. For parameters included in the modified model, their effects were studied.

Results: The number of eNs, tumor site and tumor size were risk factors for positive nodal status. Lymph nodes ratio (LNR), tumor site, eNs and T stages of 8th the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) were selected to develop a refined model, dividing patients into 5 groups of different outcomes, preceding 8th AJCC classification. Besides, we found that (1) for small PDAC (diameter < 1cm), lymph node metastasis was rarely found; (2) enough eNs were needed to ensure better prognosis of node-negative patients; (3) tumors in the head of pancreas were prone to lymph nodes metastasis; (4) for node-positive patients, LNR was a better nodal parameter compared to positive lymph nodes (pNs).

Conclusion: Our improved staging system helps to illuminate the interactions among tumor site, size and eNs.

Keywords: resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, staging scheme, positive lymph nodes ratio, examined lymph nodes, head of pancreas, body and tail of pancreas


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APA
Song, Y., Chen, Z., Chen, L., He, C., Huang, X., Duan, F., Wang, J., Lao, X., Li, S. (2018). A Refined Staging Model for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Incorporating Examined Lymph Nodes, Location of Tumor and Positive Lymph Nodes Ratio. Journal of Cancer, 9(19), 3507-3514. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.26187.

ACS
Song, Y.; Chen, Z.; Chen, L.; He, C.; Huang, X.; Duan, F.; Wang, J.; Lao, X.; Li, S. A Refined Staging Model for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Incorporating Examined Lymph Nodes, Location of Tumor and Positive Lymph Nodes Ratio. J. Cancer 2018, 9 (19), 3507-3514. DOI: 10.7150/jca.26187.

NLM
Song Y, Chen Z, Chen L, He C, Huang X, Duan F, Wang J, Lao X, Li S. A Refined Staging Model for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Incorporating Examined Lymph Nodes, Location of Tumor and Positive Lymph Nodes Ratio. J Cancer 2018; 9(19):3507-3514. doi:10.7150/jca.26187. https://www.jcancer.org/v09p3507.htm

CSE
Song Y, Chen Z, Chen L, He C, Huang X, Duan F, Wang J, Lao X, Li S. 2018. A Refined Staging Model for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Incorporating Examined Lymph Nodes, Location of Tumor and Positive Lymph Nodes Ratio. J Cancer. 9(19):3507-3514.

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