HIF-1α Promotes the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting SP1

Hu, Xueting; Lin, Jiatong; Jiang, Ming; He, Xiaotian; Wang, Kefeng; Wang, Wenjian; Hu, Chuwen; Shen, Zhiwen; He, Zhanghai; Lin, Huayue; Wu, Duoguang; Wang, Minghui

doi:10.7150/jca.35537

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J Cancer 2020; 11(1):229-240. doi:10.7150/jca.35537 This issue Cite

Research Paper

HIF-1α Promotes the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting SP1

Xueting Hu^1,2*, Jiatong Lin^1,2*, Ming Jiang^3*, Xiaotian He^1,2, Kefeng Wang^1,2, Wenjian Wang^1,2, Chuwen Hu^1,2, Zhiwen Shen^1,2, Zhanghai He^1,2, Huayue Lin^1,4, Duoguang Wu^1,2✉, Minghui Wang^1,2✉

1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510120.
2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510120.
3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510120.
4. Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510120.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Minghui Wang, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Thoracic surgery, Sun Yat-Sen More

Citation:

Hu X, Lin J, Jiang M, He X, Wang K, Wang W, Hu C, Shen Z, He Z, Lin H, Wu D, Wang M. HIF-1α Promotes the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting SP1. J Cancer 2020; 11(1):229-240. doi:10.7150/jca.35537. https://www.jcancer.org/v11p0229.htm

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Abstract

Background: In microenvironment of malignant tumors, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIF), most importantly HIF-1α, play an important role in regulation of adaptive biological response to hypoxia, promoting angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism that HIF-1α regulates metastasis needs to be further clarified.

Methods: The expressions of HIF-1α and SP1 were detected in 182 samples of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the correlation between the expression levels of HIF-1α and SP1 was analyzed. The expression of HIF-1α in ESCC cell lines TE1 and KYSE30 was then detected using qRT-PCR and western blot. The potential binding sites of HIF-1α on the SP1 promoter were analyzed using UCSC and JASPAR databases, verified by chromosomal immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and qRT-PCR. The effects of HIF-1α and SP1 on ESCC cell migration and invasion were then tested with Transwell and Matrigel experiments.

Results: The expression of HIF-1α in cancer tissues is higher than adjacent normal tissues, and is correlated with metastasis, recurrence and poor prognosis. Upon silencing HIF-1α by siRNA, the invasion and migration ability of ESCC cells were significantly inhibited, which could be restored by the overexpression of SP1. Hypoxic conditions significantly increased the expression of HIF-1α and SP1 at both protein and mRNA levels in ESCC cells. HIF-1α enhanced SP1 transcription through binding to the promoter region. The expression of protein and mRNA levels of SP1 was decreased by silencing HIF-1α in cells. In contrast, overexpression of HIF-1α significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of SP1. The expression of SP1 in ESCC was positively correlated with the protein expression of HIF-1α and poor prognosis.

Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that HIF-1α promotes metastasis of ESCC by targeting SP1 in a hypoxic microenvironment. Further study on this mechanism may elucidate the possibility of HIF-1α and SP1 as new targets for the treatment of ESCC.

Keywords: HIF-1α, SP1, ESCC, tumor metastasis

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APA

Hu, X., Lin, J., Jiang, M., He, X., Wang, K., Wang, W., Hu, C., Shen, Z., He, Z., Lin, H., Wu, D., Wang, M. (2020). HIF-1α Promotes the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting SP1. Journal of Cancer, 11(1), 229-240. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.35537.

ACS

Hu, X.; Lin, J.; Jiang, M.; He, X.; Wang, K.; Wang, W.; Hu, C.; Shen, Z.; He, Z.; Lin, H.; Wu, D.; Wang, M. HIF-1α Promotes the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting SP1. J. Cancer 2020, 11 (1), 229-240. DOI: 10.7150/jca.35537.

NLM

CSE

Hu X, Lin J, Jiang M, He X, Wang K, Wang W, Hu C, Shen Z, He Z, Lin H, Wu D, Wang M. 2020. HIF-1α Promotes the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting SP1. J Cancer. 11(1):229-240.

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