Exosomes derived from 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells are enriched in GDF15 and can promote angiogenesis

Zheng, Xixi; Ma, Nina; Wang, Xingyu; Hu, Jiexuan; Ma, Xiao; Wang, Jingting; Cao, Bangwei

doi:10.7150/jca.49224

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J Cancer 2020; 11(24):7116-7126. doi:10.7150/jca.49224 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Exosomes derived from 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells are enriched in GDF15 and can promote angiogenesis

Xixi Zheng¹, Nina Ma¹, Xingyu Wang², Jiexuan Hu¹, Xiao Ma¹, Jingting Wang¹, Bangwei Cao^✉

1. Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
2. Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.

Citation:

Zheng X, Ma N, Wang X, Hu J, Ma X, Wang J, Cao B. Exosomes derived from 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells are enriched in GDF15 and can promote angiogenesis. J Cancer 2020; 11(24):7116-7126. doi:10.7150/jca.49224. https://www.jcancer.org/v11p7116.htm

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Abstract

Background: Angiogenesis is important for tumor proliferation and distant metastasis. However, the role of drug-resistant tumor cells in angiogenesis remains largely unknown. Current anti-angiogenic strategies also have limitations and it would be useful to develop novel targets and treatment strategies.

Methods: Differential ultracentrifugation was used to isolate conditioned medium-derived exosomes from 5-flurouracil (5-FU)-sensitive or -resistant colon cancer cells. Exosome endocytosis into human umbilical vein endothelial cells was observed via immunofluorescence. Differentially expressed proteins in the exosomes were confirmed via qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The angiogenic capacity of endothelial cells was evaluated using cell function assays and a rat model of abdominal aortic neovascularization. The underlying mechanisms were verified using qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate in vivo angiogenesis.

Results: We observed that the conditioned medium and exosomes from 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells could promote angiogenesis. Exosomal growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was a potent inducer of this angiogenesis in vitro by inhibiting the Smad signaling pathway, thus increasing periostin (POSTN) levels. Moreover, 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells showed high microvascular density in vivo. TGF-β1, an activator of the Smad signaling pathway, could partly eliminate those effects.

Conclusions: Our study reveals the molecular regulation of angiogenesis in 5-FU-resistant colon cancer and suggests that the GDF15-POSTN axis may be a novel target for anti-angiogenic therapies in colon cancer.

Keywords: Colon cancer, 5-FU resistance, Exosomes, GDF15, Angiogenesis

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APA

Zheng, X., Ma, N., Wang, X., Hu, J., Ma, X., Wang, J., Cao, B. (2020). Exosomes derived from 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells are enriched in GDF15 and can promote angiogenesis. Journal of Cancer, 11(24), 7116-7126. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.49224.

ACS

Zheng, X.; Ma, N.; Wang, X.; Hu, J.; Ma, X.; Wang, J.; Cao, B. Exosomes derived from 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells are enriched in GDF15 and can promote angiogenesis. J. Cancer 2020, 11 (24), 7116-7126. DOI: 10.7150/jca.49224.

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CSE

Zheng X, Ma N, Wang X, Hu J, Ma X, Wang J, Cao B. 2020. Exosomes derived from 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells are enriched in GDF15 and can promote angiogenesis. J Cancer. 11(24):7116-7126.

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