The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance

Liu, Yang; Li, Xiao; Zhang, Tianyu; Liu, Guoyan

doi:10.7150/jca.84930

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International Journal of Biological Sciences

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Theranostics

Journal of Genomics

Nanotheranostics

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J Cancer 2023; 14(11):2128-2144. doi:10.7150/jca.84930 This issue Cite

Review

The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance

Yang Liu¹, Xiao Li², Tianyu Zhang², Guoyan Liu^3✉

1. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
2. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
3. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.

Citation:

Liu Y, Li X, Zhang T, Liu G. The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance. J Cancer 2023; 14(11):2128-2144. doi:10.7150/jca.84930. https://www.jcancer.org/v14p2128.htm

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Abstract

As common gynecological oncology, ovarian cancer has a high fatality rate and poor overall survival, mainly because of nonspecific symptoms in the early stages and chemotherapy resistance. Exosomes, nano-sized vesicles secreted by almost all types of cells, carry valuable commodities such as proteins, lipids, enzymes, mRNAs, and miRNAs between cells. They take part in remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, and regulating immune metastasis and chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. Previous studies have reported that exosomes could transfer chemotherapy resistance from drug-resistant tumor cells to sensitive ones by delivering proteins and miRNAs. Also, exosomes are involved in chemotherapy resistance by transferring multidrug-resistance-related transporters, decreasing apoptosis, promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and changing signal transduction pathways. Furthermore, they play a significant role in early detection, chemotherapy efficacy evaluation, and treatment of ovarian cancer. Exosomes are applied as chemotherapeutic delivery vehicles and therapeutic targets to inhibit anti-tumor immune responses. In addition, exosomes can be developed for cancer immunotherapy because of their immunomodulatory potential. Therefore, the article reviews the latest research progress of exosomes in ovarian cancer to elaborate on the mechanisms of exosome-mediated chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer patients and provide a forecast on their clinical therapeutic potential in improving chemotherapy sensitivity.

Keywords: Exosomes, Ovarian cancer, Chemotherapy resistance, Therapeutic potential

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APA

Liu, Y., Li, X., Zhang, T., Liu, G. (2023). The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance. Journal of Cancer, 14(11), 2128-2144. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.84930.

ACS

Liu, Y.; Li, X.; Zhang, T.; Liu, G. The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance. J. Cancer 2023, 14 (11), 2128-2144. DOI: 10.7150/jca.84930.

NLM

Liu Y, Li X, Zhang T, Liu G. The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance. J Cancer 2023; 14(11):2128-2144. doi:10.7150/jca.84930. https://www.jcancer.org/v14p2128.htm

CSE

Liu Y, Li X, Zhang T, Liu G. 2023. The Roles of Exosomes in Ovarian Cancer Chemo-resistance. J Cancer. 14(11):2128-2144.

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