CS1 Expression Pattern in NK Cells and Correlated Factors in Plasma Cell dyscrasias: Implications for Elotuzumab Therapy and CAR-T Efficacy

Li, Chunhui; Wang, Di; Xu, Yanjie; Mao, Xia; Que, Yimei; Li, Zhe; Yu, Qiuxia; Xu, Menglei; An, Ning; Long, Xiaolu; Li, Chunrui

doi:10.7150/jca.93637

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J Cancer 2024; 15(10):3065-3075. doi:10.7150/jca.93637 This issue Cite

Research Paper

CS1 Expression Pattern in NK Cells and Correlated Factors in Plasma Cell dyscrasias: Implications for Elotuzumab Therapy and CAR-T Efficacy

Chunhui Li^1*, Di Wang^1,2*, Yanjie Xu¹, Xia Mao¹, Yimei Que¹, Zhe Li¹, Qiuxia Yu¹, Menglei Xu¹, Ning An¹, Xiaolu Long¹, Chunrui Li^1,2✉

1. Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
2. Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
* These authors have contributed equally to this work and share the first authorship.

Citation:

Li C, Wang D, Xu Y, Mao X, Que Y, Li Z, Yu Q, Xu M, An N, Long X, Li C. CS1 Expression Pattern in NK Cells and Correlated Factors in Plasma Cell dyscrasias: Implications for Elotuzumab Therapy and CAR-T Efficacy. J Cancer 2024; 15(10):3065-3075. doi:10.7150/jca.93637. https://www.jcancer.org/v15p3065.htm

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Abstract

Treatment with elotuzumab alone has no discernible antitumor effect and progress in chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy targeting CS1 is relatively slow. A retrospective analysis was performed on 236 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and 30 patients with other plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs). CS1 expression in NK cells, lymphocytes, and monoclonal plasma cells was assessed using multiparameter flow cytometry. Furthermore, new explorations were undertaken regarding the antitumor applications of elotuzumab. Patients with MM had significantly higher CS1 expression levels in plasma cells than other patients with PCDs, with no significant differences between lymphocytes and NK cells. In both patients with MM and other PCDs, CS1 expression was significantly higher in plasma cells than in NK cells and lymphocytes. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a significant correlation between CS1 expression in plasma (r = 0.60; P < 0.001) and NK (r = 0.79; P < 0.001) cells. Factors such as cytogenetic abnormalities, disease progression, and survival were not associated with CS1 expression in NK cells. Moreover, this study showed that elotuzumab strongly increases the cytotoxicity of NK cells against non-plasma and plasma tumor cells independent of their CS1 expression level. This underscores the potential of elotuzumab in combination with NK cells as an effective therapeutic strategy against a broad spectrum of tumor types.

Keywords: CS1, Immunotherapy, Plasma cell dyscrasias, NK cells

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APA

Li, C., Wang, D., Xu, Y., Mao, X., Que, Y., Li, Z., Yu, Q., Xu, M., An, N., Long, X., Li, C. (2024). CS1 Expression Pattern in NK Cells and Correlated Factors in Plasma Cell dyscrasias: Implications for Elotuzumab Therapy and CAR-T Efficacy. Journal of Cancer, 15(10), 3065-3075. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.93637.

ACS

Li, C.; Wang, D.; Xu, Y.; Mao, X.; Que, Y.; Li, Z.; Yu, Q.; Xu, M.; An, N.; Long, X.; Li, C. CS1 Expression Pattern in NK Cells and Correlated Factors in Plasma Cell dyscrasias: Implications for Elotuzumab Therapy and CAR-T Efficacy. J. Cancer 2024, 15 (10), 3065-3075. DOI: 10.7150/jca.93637.

NLM

CSE

Li C, Wang D, Xu Y, Mao X, Que Y, Li Z, Yu Q, Xu M, An N, Long X, Li C. 2024. CS1 Expression Pattern in NK Cells and Correlated Factors in Plasma Cell dyscrasias: Implications for Elotuzumab Therapy and CAR-T Efficacy. J Cancer. 15(10):3065-3075.

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