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J Cancer 2020; 11(18):5395-5402. doi:10.7150/jca.41100 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Circulating Levels of L1-cell Adhesion Molecule as a Serum Biomarker for Early Detection of Gastric Cancer and Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma

Ling-Yu Chu^1*, Yu-Hui Peng^2*, Tian Yang^3*, Wang-Kai Fang¹, Chao-Qun Hong⁴, Li-Sheng Huang⁵, Li-Yan Xu⁶, En-Min Li¹, Yi-Wei Xu^2✉, Jian-Jun Xie^1✉

1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
2. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
3. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
4. Department of Oncological Laboratory Research, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
5. Department of Radiation Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
6. Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China. E-mail addresses: g_jjxieedu.cn (Jian-Jun Xie) or yiwei512com (Yi-Wei Xu).

Abstract

Background: Low serum L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been found in several malignant tumors. Here, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential for serum L1CAM in patients with gastric cancers (GC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA).

Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out to detect L1CAM level in sera of 148 GC patients, 59 EJA patients and 148 healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was employed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.

Results: The concentrations of serum L1CAM were significantly lower in GC and EJA than those in healthy controls (P<0.001). Detection of L1CAM provided a sensitivity of 83.1%, a specificity of 62.2%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.769 (95% CI: 0.715-0.823) in diagnosing GC, and a sensitivity of 66.1%, a specificity of 62.2%, and an AUC of 0.672 (95% CI: 0.590-0.755) in diagnosing EJA. Similar results were observed in the diagnosis of early-stage GC (0.681 (95%CI: 0.596-0.766)) and early-stage EJA (0.674 (95%CI: 0.528-0.820)). Analysis of clinical data showed that the levels of L1CAM were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis in GC (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Our study showed that serum L1CAM might be a diagnostic biomarker for GC and EJA.

Keywords: gastric cancer, esophagogastric junction cancer, L1CAM, serum biomarker, early diagnosis

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