Proline-rich acidic protein 1 upregulates mitotic arrest deficient 1 to promote cisplatin-resistance of colorectal carcinoma by restraining mitotic checkpoint complex assembly

Song, Jintian; Chen, Yigui; Yu, Hui; Zheng, Liang; Wang, Yi; Li, Dan

doi:10.7150/jca.84048

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J Cancer 2023; 14(9):1515-1530. doi:10.7150/jca.84048 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Proline-rich acidic protein 1 upregulates mitotic arrest deficient 1 to promote cisplatin-resistance of colorectal carcinoma by restraining mitotic checkpoint complex assembly

Jintian Song^1,2,3, Yigui Chen², Hui Yu⁴, Liang Zheng², Yi Wang², Dan Li^1,5✉

1. Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
2. Department of Abdominal Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China.
3. Fujian Medical University, FuzhouCity 350000, Fujian Province, Fujian Province, China.
4. Department of pharmacy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Rd., Jin'an District, Fuzhou City 350014, China.
5. Fujian Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.

Citation:

Song J, Chen Y, Yu H, Zheng L, Wang Y, Li D. Proline-rich acidic protein 1 upregulates mitotic arrest deficient 1 to promote cisplatin-resistance of colorectal carcinoma by restraining mitotic checkpoint complex assembly. J Cancer 2023; 14(9):1515-1530. doi:10.7150/jca.84048. https://www.jcancer.org/v14p1515.htm

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Abstract

Background: The mechanism underlying cisplatin resistance in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has not yet been elucidated. This study is aimed to illustrate the indispensable role of proline-rich acidic protein 1 (PRAP1) in cisplatin-resistant CRC.

Methods: Cell viability and apoptosis were monitored using cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence and morphological analysis were used to determine mitotic arrest in cells. In vivo drug resistance was evaluated using a tumor xenograft assay.

Results: PRAP1 was highly expressed in cisplatin-resistant CRC. PRAP1-upregulation in HCT-116 cells increased chemoresistance to cisplatin, whereas RNAi-mediated knockdown of PRAP1 sensitized cisplatin-resistant HCT-116 cells (HCT-116/DDP) to cisplatin. PRAP1-upregulation in HCT-116 cells hindered mitotic arrest and the formation of mitotic checkpoint complexes (MCC), followed by an increase in multidrug-resistant proteins such as p-glycoprotein 1 and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, while PRAP1-knockdown in HCT-116/DDP cells partly restored colcemid-induced mitotic arrest and MCC assembly, resulting in decreased multidrug-resistant protein levels. PRAP1 downregulation-mediated sensitization to cisplatin in HCT-116/DDP cells was abolished by the inhibition of mitotic kinase activity by limiting MCC assembly. Additionally, PRAP1-upregulation increased cisplatin-resistance in CRC in vivo. Mechanistically, PRAP1 increased the expression of mitotic arrest deficient 1 (MAD1), that competitively binds to mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2) in cisplatin-resistant CRC cells, leading to failed assembly of MCC and subsequent chemotherapy resistance.

Conclusion: PRAP1-overexpression caused cisplatin resistance in CRC. Possibly, PRAP1 induced an increase in MAD1, which competitively interacted with MAD2 and subsequently restrained the formation of MCC, resulting in CRC cells escape from the supervision of MCC and chemotherapy resistance.

Keywords: Proline-rich acidic protein 1, mitotic arrest deficient 1, spindle assembly checkpoint, colorectal carcinoma, cisplatin resistance

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APA

Song, J., Chen, Y., Yu, H., Zheng, L., Wang, Y., Li, D. (2023). Proline-rich acidic protein 1 upregulates mitotic arrest deficient 1 to promote cisplatin-resistance of colorectal carcinoma by restraining mitotic checkpoint complex assembly. Journal of Cancer, 14(9), 1515-1530. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.84048.

ACS

Song, J.; Chen, Y.; Yu, H.; Zheng, L.; Wang, Y.; Li, D. Proline-rich acidic protein 1 upregulates mitotic arrest deficient 1 to promote cisplatin-resistance of colorectal carcinoma by restraining mitotic checkpoint complex assembly. J. Cancer 2023, 14 (9), 1515-1530. DOI: 10.7150/jca.84048.

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CSE

Song J, Chen Y, Yu H, Zheng L, Wang Y, Li D. 2023. Proline-rich acidic protein 1 upregulates mitotic arrest deficient 1 to promote cisplatin-resistance of colorectal carcinoma by restraining mitotic checkpoint complex assembly. J Cancer. 14(9):1515-1530.

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