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J Cancer 2020; 11(20):5911-5917. doi:10.7150/jca.46683 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Prognostic significance of negative conversion of high-risk Human Papillomavirus DNA after treatment in Cervical Cancer patients

Qingqing Chen^1*, Runjun Shi^1*, Zhengcao Liu^1*, Zhouhong Shi³, Ke Gu², Jie Chen¹, Yan He¹, Ying Li¹, Jinchang Wu¹, Shengjun Ji^1✉, Jundong Zhou^1✉, Jiahao Zhu^2✉

1. Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
2. Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
3. Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Shengjun Ji, Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, No.16 Baita Road, Suzhou, China, 215001. Tel: +86 18914087033; E-mail: happy168123com; Jundong Zhou, Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, No.16 Baita Road, Suzhou, China, 215001. Tel: +86 18962174389; E-mail: szslyyzjdcom; Jiahao Zhu, Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Huihe Road, Wuxi, China, 214062. Tel: +86 18851729903; E-mail: zjhmedicinecom. More

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of conversion of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) status after treatment for cervical cancer.

Methods: A total of 112 cervical cancer patients with HR-HPV positivity without distant metastasis treated with surgery or radical concurrent radiochemotherapy were enrolled. HR-HPV status was analyzed before and after treatment and at the time point of recurrence or metastasis. Log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between conversion of HR-HPV status after treatment and survival.

Results: Eighty-four (75%) patients had negative conversion HR-HPV (ncHR-HPV) after treatment and twenty-eight (25%) were persistent positive HR-HPV (ppHR-HPV). The negative conversion rate was 75.8% in patients who received surgical treatment and 71.4% in patients who received radical concurrent radiochemotherapy. There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ²=0.000, P=1.000). There was no significant correlation between HR-HPV conversion after treatment with age (χ²=0.616, P=0.252), FIGO stage (χ²=0.051, P=0.823) and pathological type (χ²=0.000, P=1.000). Univariate analysis showed that treatment regimen and ncHR-HPV was closely related to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of cervical cancer patients. Multivariate COX regression model showed that treatment regimen (HR=3.57, 95% CI: 1.57-8.11, P=0.002) and ncHR-HPV (HR=5.14, 95% CI: 2.32-11.46, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for PFS, while only ncHR-HPV (HR=12.56, 95% CI: 3.54-44.65, P<0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for OS. The presence of ppHR-HPV after treatment (χ²=14.827, P<0.001) was associated with recurrence and metastasis. Eleven of the patients with ncHR-HPV after treatment had recurrence or metastasis, and HPV reinfection was not detected in any of them.

Conclusion: ncHR-HPV after treatment in cervical cancer patients indicated better PFS and OS, while ppHR-HPV indicated worse prognosis and high risk of recurrence or metastasis. For patients with ncHR-HPV after treatment, continued HPV screening may not predict recurrence or metastasis. This study suggested that HR-HPV monitoring is necessary for ppHR-HPV patients after treatment but may not be for ncHR-HPV patients. However, further large and multi-center prospective studies should be performed to confirm these findings.

Keywords: High-risk Human Papillomavirus DNA, Prognosis, Cervical Cancer

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